tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-83108401635506048522024-03-13T19:45:36.927+00:00Debra's 15th and 16th century blogDebra Bayanihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14339316838999923120noreply@blogger.comBlogger9125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8310840163550604852.post-66535970160232635462014-09-04T00:04:00.003+01:002014-09-04T00:05:45.240+01:00DAY 4: Article at 'History Refreshed by Susan Higginbotham'DAY 4 of the Booktour: an article for 'History Refreshed by Susan Higginbotham', 'The Supposed Daughters of an Earl'. To read the article click <a href="https://www.blogger.com/DAY%204%20of%20the%20Booktour:%20an%20article%20for%20'History%20Refreshed%20by%20Susan%20Higginbotham',%20'The%20Supposed%20Daughters%20of%20an%20Earl'.%20To%20read%20the%20article%20click%20HERE." target="_blank" title="Links actief zodra gepubliceerd">HERE</a>.Debra Bayanihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14339316838999923120noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8310840163550604852.post-25609526916237833712014-09-03T09:27:00.002+01:002014-09-03T09:29:33.073+01:00DAY 3: Excerpt and Giveaway at The Anne Boleyn FilesFor DAY 3 of the BOOKTOUR there is an excerpt to read and a copy of my book to win over at the excellent Anne Boleyn Files. Simply click <a href="http://www.theanneboleynfiles.com/guest-article-giveaway-jasper-tudor-debra-bayani/#more-28562" target="_blank">HERE</a> and make a comment at the end of the article for your chance to win. <br />
GOOD LUCK!Debra Bayanihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14339316838999923120noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8310840163550604852.post-71878700097842623342014-09-02T11:19:00.001+01:002014-09-02T11:19:18.545+01:00DAY 2: Excerpt and Giveaway over at On the Tudor TrailDay 2 of the Booktour: An excerpt and giveaway over at author Natalie Grueninger's brilliant website <strong>On the Tudor Trail</strong>.<br /><span></span>To read the excerpt and enter the giveaway simply leave a comment before 9 September 2014 by clicking <span style="font-size: small;"><a href="http://onthetudortrail.com/Blog/2014/09/02/jasper-tudor-godfather-of-the-tudor-dynasty/" target="_blank" title="Links actief zodra gepubliceerd">here</a></span>Debra Bayanihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14339316838999923120noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8310840163550604852.post-27834893688208350412014-09-02T03:18:00.000+01:002014-09-02T11:16:38.500+01:00DAY 1: An article for the Henry Tudor Society<h3>
Day 1 of my booktour: </h3>
An article for the Henry Tudor Society <em>'The Extraordinary Bond Between an Uncle and his Nephew'.</em><br />
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It highlights the incredible relationship between Jasper Tudor and his nephew Henry, battling for survival for most of their lives.<br />
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Click <strong><a href="https://www.blogger.com/http://henrytudorsociety.com/2014/08/31/the-extraordinary-bond-between-an-uncle-and-his-nephew/" target="_blank">HERE </a></strong>to read it.Debra Bayanihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14339316838999923120noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8310840163550604852.post-85279366859971043772014-09-02T03:02:00.004+01:002014-09-02T03:02:49.754+01:00Virual Booktour for 'Jasper Tudor, Godfather of the Tudor Dynasty'<span style="color: #783f04;"><strong><span style="color: blue;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Very excited to announce this week’s booktour for my book <em><span style="color: blue;">‘Jasper Tudor, Godfather of the Tudor Dynasty’</span></em></span></span><span style="color: blue;"><em>.</em></span></strong>.</span><br />This is the complete schedule:<br /><br /> Monday <strong>1 September</strong>: <a href="http://henrytudorsociety.com/" target="_blank" title=""><span style="color: black;">The Henry Tudor Society </span></a><span style="color: black;">(Article) <br /> Tuesday <strong>2 September</strong>: </span><a href="https://www.facebook.com/OntheTudorTrailRetracingthestepsofAnneBoleyn?fref=ts" target="_blank" title=""><span style="color: black;">On The Tudor Trail </span></a><span style="color: black;">(Excerpt & Giveaway) <br /> Wednesday<strong> 3 September</strong>: </span><a href="https://www.facebook.com/theanneboleynfiles?fref=ts" target="_blank" title=""><span style="color: black;">The Anne Boleyn Files </span></a><span style="color: black;">(Excerpt & Giveaway) <br /> Thursday <strong>4 September</strong>: </span><a href="http://www.susanhigginbotham.com/blog/" target="_blank" title=""><span style="color: black;">History Refreshed by Susan Higginbotham </span></a><span style="color: black;">(Article) <br /> Friday <strong>5 September</strong>: </span><a href="https://www.facebook.com/pages/The-Wars-of-the-Roses-Catalogue/333483296737516" target="_blank" title=""><span style="color: black;">The Wars of the Roses Catalogue </span></a><span style="color: black;">(Giveaway)</span><br />
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My book, Jasper Tudor, Godfather of the Tudor Dynasty, is now available in colour and black & white editions from all the Amazon websites and Bookdepostory</h3>
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<br /><span></span><br />Debra Bayanihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14339316838999923120noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8310840163550604852.post-47599488115819529262013-09-18T11:01:00.000+01:002014-08-27T10:18:11.161+01:00A crown fit for a Princess, Margaret of York's coronet<br />
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<span style="font-family: "Garamond","serif"; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">A recent visit to the Cathedral
Treasury of Aachen has given me some additional information about a little
object which has been in the possession of the Treasury for nearly 640 years.
It is the coronet of a Duchess of Burgundy, Margaret of York, daughter of the
Duke and Duchess of York, Richard Plantagenet and Cecily Neville and sister to
the Kings Edward IV and Richard III.</span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-6ttwKTIoqs4/UjlxA9VYFrI/AAAAAAAAALI/MeKjJ-iNOEc/s1600/Margaret+of+York+miniature+ca.+1468.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-6ttwKTIoqs4/UjlxA9VYFrI/AAAAAAAAALI/MeKjJ-iNOEc/s320/Margaret+of+York+miniature+ca.+1468.png" height="320" width="216" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Garamond;"><strong><span style="font-size: x-small;">Shortly after her marriage to Charles the Bold in 1468, Margaret of York commissioned</span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"> </span></strong><em><b><span style="font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Dialogue de la duchesse de Bourgogne à Jésus Christ</span></b></em><strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"> <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>from her almoner Nicolas Finet. The illustration, above right, is taken from this book.</span></strong><span style="font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 8.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></td></tr>
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<a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-YzHYG-41wtQ/Ujlw75y2Z2I/AAAAAAAAALA/4JYHSR37woc/s1600/margaret+of+york.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-YzHYG-41wtQ/Ujlw75y2Z2I/AAAAAAAAALA/4JYHSR37woc/s1600/margaret+of+york.jpg" /></a></div>
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<a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-Xlv4mQ2up00/Ujl1ArS7m-I/AAAAAAAAALs/MiCI9KiwwOM/s1600/DSCN5891.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-Xlv4mQ2up00/Ujl1ArS7m-I/AAAAAAAAALs/MiCI9KiwwOM/s320/DSCN5891.JPG" height="240" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Garamond","serif"; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">Margaret's coronet is said to be the
only medieval British royal crown still surviving. This, however, is not true,
there is another crown <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>worn by Blanche,
daughter of Henry IV, at her marriage to Louis III, the Elector Palatine, in
1402, and still exists in Munich. Naturally this fact does not make Margaret’s
crown any less valuable and interesting.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Garamond","serif"; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Garamond","serif"; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">There is a possibility that Margaret wore her crown already in 1461 at the coronation of her brother Edward IV when she was 15 years of age and that it was adjusted for her in 1468 when she wore it at her wedding to Charles the Bold, Duke of Burgundy, on 3 July in Damme, near Bruges. It is very notable that this crown is incredibly small, with a diameter across the base of just under five inches, and a maximum height of just over five inches. The size does not make it any less splendid than it is. Between each rose appear letters covered with transparent green, white and red enamel forming the name Margarit(a) de (Y)o(r)k and the initials C and M adjoined with a knot appear <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>repeatedly. The white rose of York with a diamond wreath in the front, corresponds with the enamelled coat of arms bearing the arms of Burgundy,<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>France and England quarterly, which symbolises the marriage. Furthermore the circlet is made of gilded silver, ornamented with precious stones; <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>a diamond cross, <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>adorned with two edgings of pearls and surmounted by eight large fleurons; the one in the front is quadrifoliate (4 leaves)with a large ruby in a claw setting and mounted on a white rose, the other seven quinquifoliate (5 leaves) ornamented with pearls and sapphires. Below this is a small gold rose ornamented with emeralds.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-M_HBrXW9YeQ/Ujl1GYt8U_I/AAAAAAAAAL8/K8HC7idp2dA/s1600/DSCN5895.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-M_HBrXW9YeQ/Ujl1GYt8U_I/AAAAAAAAAL8/K8HC7idp2dA/s320/DSCN5895.JPG" height="240" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Garamond","serif"; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">There is also a leather case
for the coronet, the sides ornamented with a design of dragons and gothic foliage
pressed into the leather. On top are the arms of Burgundy impaling England and
France quarterly. The arms are surrounded by flints, the emblem of the Order of
the Golden Fleece. Around the edge are again the initials C and M joined by
knots, and, repeated five times, ‘Bien en Avienie’, ‘May good come of it’ the
motto of Margaret of York.</span></div>
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<a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-PMSEAHy6IOg/Ujl0aq4WBHI/AAAAAAAAALc/VsziPO0P7Fs/s1600/DSCN5887.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"></a><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-PMSEAHy6IOg/Ujl0aq4WBHI/AAAAAAAAALc/VsziPO0P7Fs/s1600/DSCN5887.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-PMSEAHy6IOg/Ujl0aq4WBHI/AAAAAAAAALc/VsziPO0P7Fs/s320/DSCN5887.JPG" height="240" width="320" /></a><br />
<span style="font-family: "Garamond","serif"; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">So how did Margaret's crown ended up
in Aachen? It is known that Margaret travelled to Aachen on a few occasions and
it is recorded that she spent some time here on 22 July 1474 and that either on
this occasion or another, she donated her crown to the admired statue of the Virgin
Mary of the cathedral. A child-sized crown was also constructed for the Christ
Child. This, unfortunately, does not exist any longer. Up until now, the crown
serves as jewellery during the procession with relics.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
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Debra Bayanihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14339316838999923120noreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8310840163550604852.post-54339131264719642082013-05-18T14:15:00.001+01:002014-08-27T10:20:15.286+01:00Katherine Woodville, Duchess of Buckingham and Bedford<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-3RHGjx2QpBs/UZdw9W8gmhI/AAAAAAAAAIY/Sk9pottFz-0/s1600/katherine+woodville.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-3RHGjx2QpBs/UZdw9W8gmhI/AAAAAAAAAIY/Sk9pottFz-0/s320/katherine+woodville.jpg" height="213" width="320" /></a></div>
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Today, 18 May, we commemorate the death of Katherine Woodville, who died on this day in 1497.</div>
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She was the wife of Henry Stafford, Duke of Buckingham, Jasper Tudor, Duke of Bedford and Earl of Pembroke and Sir Richard Wingfield and around 40 when she passed away. She was a sister to Queen Elizabeth Woodville and, out of, probably, 13 children, she was very likely the youngest daughter of Jacquetta of Luxembourg and Richard Woodville, 1st Earl Rivers. </div>
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<a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-E8CLzgD-WkM/UZdw9B7zSWI/AAAAAAAAAIU/sNSyF9N8tHo/s1600/elizabeth+woodville.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-E8CLzgD-WkM/UZdw9B7zSWI/AAAAAAAAAIU/sNSyF9N8tHo/s320/elizabeth+woodville.jpg" height="320" width="260" /></a><br />
<em>Katherine's sister Queen Elizabeth Woodville</em><br />
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Katherine married three times, first when still a child, somewhere in 1465, to Henry Stafford, Duke of Buckingham, with whom she had 4 children. The oldest, Edward, was born in 1478, who would succeed his father as Duke of Buckingham, followed by Elizabeth, Henry, Humphrey (who died young) and Anne.<br />
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<a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-Ly0IiRWRm8A/UZdy_dGU33I/AAAAAAAAAIw/T045LvSizt8/s1600/edward-stafford.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-Ly0IiRWRm8A/UZdy_dGU33I/AAAAAAAAAIw/T045LvSizt8/s320/edward-stafford.jpg" height="320" width="267" /></a></div>
<em>Edward Stafford, 3rd Duke of Buckingham, Katherine's oldest son</em><br />
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Eventhough fruitfull, the marriage was, according to Dominic Mancini, an observer of English affairs during this time, claimed to be unhappy. Mancini declared that Henry Stafford<em> “had his own reasons for detesting the queen’s kin; for, when he was younger, he had been forced to wed the queen’s sister, whom he scorned to wed on account of her humble origin.”</em></div>
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Katherine's life changed drastically in 1483 when, Buckingham being, along with Richard Duke of Gloucester, responsible for the death of Katherine's brother and nephew, Anthony Woodville and Richard Grey, changed side again when Gloucester had seized the crown as King Richard III and rebelled against the monarch he first had given all of his support. As a result Buckingham was executed on 2 November. Just-widowed Katherine found herself in a difficult situation, with four very young children.</div>
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<a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-yDWlG9PW_8c/UZdw8SIeoWI/AAAAAAAAAIQ/MYFFWVdolas/s1600/anthony+woodville.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-yDWlG9PW_8c/UZdw8SIeoWI/AAAAAAAAAIQ/MYFFWVdolas/s1600/anthony+woodville.jpg" /></a></div>
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<em>Anthony Woodville, 2nd Earl Rivers, Katherine's brother who was executed by beheading at Pontefract Castle on 25 June 1483</em></div>
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But two years later, when Henry Tudor became King she was soon, on 7 November 1485, married to the King's uncle, Jasper Tudor, Duke of Bedford and Earl of Pembroke, who was aroung 20 years her senior. Together they would spend much of their ten years ahead of them together at their Manor at Thornbury. Jasper and Katherine's marriage was a one of strategic benefits and whether they were happy together is unknown.</div>
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It is rumoured that the couple had a still born son in 1490.</div>
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<a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-KeIZ6prWDyQ/UZd2xomJ8SI/AAAAAAAAAJA/VjgQuBOaSl8/s1600/jasper+and+katherine+cardiff.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-KeIZ6prWDyQ/UZd2xomJ8SI/AAAAAAAAAJA/VjgQuBOaSl8/s320/jasper+and+katherine+cardiff.jpg" height="320" width="226" /></a></div>
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<em>Victorian stained glass image of Katherine and Jasper at Cardiff Castle</em></div>
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On 15 December Katherine's husband, Jasper Tudor made his will at their manor at Thornbury, mentioning his wife only briefly, nearly at the end of his will: <em>''I will that my lady my wife and all other persons have such dues as shall be thought to them appertaining by right law and conscience."</em> Jasper died 6 days later, on 21 December 1495, being in his mid-60's.</div>
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Jasper's will and the fact that Katherine, who was now in her late 30's, very hastily remarried to a man, twelve years her junior, without a royal license, indicates a not very close relationship to her former husband and perhaps she even had an affair with young Wingfield before Jasper's death. King Henry VII fined the couple two thousand pounds for their presumption. Katherine would have probably known Richard Wingfield for some time; Wingfield’s mother was connected to Anthony Woodville’s second wife Mary and two of Richard’s brothers, and perhaps Richard himself, had served in Katherine’s household. Katherine's 3rd marriage wasn't, unlike her previous two marriages, of any strategic benefit for her and likely this final matrimony was one made for love.</div>
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Unfortunately for Katherine she was unable to enjoy her marriage for very long. Barely one year after, she died of unknown cause. Her burialplace is unknown. She did not have any surviving children from either Jasper Tudor or Richard Wingfield. Wingfield did remarry and had many children with his second wife Bridget Wiltshire. In his will in 1525 Wingfield requested masses to be said for Katherine’s soul. </div>
<br />Debra Bayanihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14339316838999923120noreply@blogger.com7tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8310840163550604852.post-36049484759996028132013-01-27T21:58:00.000+00:002014-08-27T10:22:06.337+01:00Birth of the Tudor Dynasty January 28th 1457<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">After
having been a widow for closely three months, thirteen year old Margaret Beaufort and her unborn child were thought not to survive this childbirth. But when, on
the winter morning of January 28<sup><span style="font-size: x-small;">th</span></sup> 1457, Margaret had been in labour
for too long, she finally gave birth to a tiny little boy at his uncle’s castle
of Pembroke, probably in the now so-called Henry VII Tower.</span></span></div>
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<a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-nMcQWgzPpgI/UQRHf0hKfVI/AAAAAAAAAGQ/7C_z_j7jEqI/s1600/DSCN0812.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-nMcQWgzPpgI/UQRHf0hKfVI/AAAAAAAAAGQ/7C_z_j7jEqI/s320/DSCN0812.JPG" height="320" width="240" /></a></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> </span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">The story
goes that baby Henry, or Owen as how he was called for many years by the Welsh,
was conceived at Jasper Tudor’s Caldicot Castle when the just married Edmund Tudor
Earl of Richmond and Margaret Beaufort spent some ‘’quality’’ time together.</span></span></div>
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<a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-GMvR4819LnA/UQRJ5sp4yGI/AAAAAAAAAGg/ht36YVMifqc/s1600/caldicot+castle.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-GMvR4819LnA/UQRJ5sp4yGI/AAAAAAAAAGg/ht36YVMifqc/s320/caldicot+castle.jpg" height="213" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"></span> </div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Ironically
Edmund died precisely at his 1<sup><span style="font-size: x-small;">st</span></sup> wedding anniversary on November 1<sup><span style="font-size: x-small;">st</span></sup>
(0r the 3rd)1456 and so would not live to see his son. Edmund left his young
wife and unborn child to the care of his brother Jasper who took his place as a
father. Edmund’s legacy lived on and would exceed every expectation he might
have had for his child. It would take nearly 3 decades to accomplish the
unthinkable. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">The future Henry
VII and with him the Tudor Dynasty was born, today 556 years ago.</span></span></div>
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<a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-JOJFaHkV3H0/UQRSw6QKtuI/AAAAAAAAAHI/yfXfFK9KWZ0/s1600/tudors+dynasty.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-JOJFaHkV3H0/UQRSw6QKtuI/AAAAAAAAAHI/yfXfFK9KWZ0/s320/tudors+dynasty.jpg" height="284" width="320" /></a></div>
<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> </span></span><br />
<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"></span></span><br />
<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> <o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">For more
about Edmund Tudor’s death you can see my previous post.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
Debra Bayanihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14339316838999923120noreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8310840163550604852.post-73343459790553308022013-01-23T14:06:00.000+00:002014-08-27T10:24:16.883+01:00The Duke of York's role in Edmund Tudor's death<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-wYfJkxXL4mk/UP_ta09I-jI/AAAAAAAAAFc/ys1IgUYh1cQ/s1600/TombEffigyOfEdmundTudor.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-wYfJkxXL4mk/UP_ta09I-jI/AAAAAAAAAFc/ys1IgUYh1cQ/s320/TombEffigyOfEdmundTudor.jpg" height="320" width="99" /></a></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="background: whitesmoke; font-family: "Garamond","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;"><span style="background-color: white;">As King Henry VI's</span><span style="background-color: white;"> Uterine brothers Jasper and Edmund Tudor were also on very good terms with Richard Duke of York, even this good that both brothers were likely to be arrested for treason when they jointed York to London in January 1454 during King Henry VI's insanity. They even supported York at the council meeting when he received protectorship during the King's illness and not even the 1st Battle of St. Albans seemed to have changed their support to York.</span></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;"><span lang="EN-US" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; font-family: "Garamond","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;">During York’s brief protectorate
attempts to discipline Griffith ap Nicholas in South-West Wales failed but when Edmund did succeed in this four months
after York had lost his protectorship a second time, it was a great embarrassment
to York. The significance of the whole campaign centered on York’s
determination to assert his control over the government by acting as the
legitimate constable of the castles and neutralizing potentially dangerous
rivals in the principality. At this point Edmund seems to be a rival. In April York’s men, Sir Walter
Devereux and his son-in-law Sir William Herbert, decided to make their move by
gathering a force of about 2000 men from around Herefordshire and causing for many</span><span lang="EN-US" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; color: #333333; font-family: "Garamond","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"> local skirmishes which escalated
in June when an attempt was made for an invasion on Kenilworth, with affirmed
intensions to kill the King.</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Garamond","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;"><span lang="EN-US" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; font-family: "Garamond","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;">From there William Herbert, Walter Devereux and members of the Vaughan
family joined their forces, proceeding their attentions on asserting York’s
authority <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>and directed for West Wales,
for Carmarthen Castle, for Edmund.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>They
immediately seized the castle and took Edmund prison. From there,
they went on to other places in West-Wales,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; color: #333333; font-family: "Garamond","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; font-family: "Garamond","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;">re-establishing York’s
authority after he earlier had lost those in Westminster.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is not clear at all why William Herbert changed
side at the first place, for at
first he appears to be on very good terms with both Edmund and his younger brother Jasper, A phrase from a contemporary poem composed by Lewys Glyn Cothi in 1452 in praise of William Herbert also suggests this:</span></span></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Garamond","serif";"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> ...</span>If Jasper was being pounded,<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<div align="left" class="aralleiriad" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 64.9pt; text-align: left;">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Garamond","serif";"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>he’d [=William] pound through a
thousand men.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<div align="left" class="aralleiriad" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 64.9pt; text-align: left;">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Garamond","serif";"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>The nobleman’s full of
sincerity<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<div align="left" class="aralleiriad" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 64.9pt; text-align: left;">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Garamond","serif";"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>(that will serve him well);<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<div align="left" class="aralleiriad" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 64.9pt; text-align: left;">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Garamond","serif";"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>Gwilym [=William] is true and
skilled<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<br />
<div align="left" class="aralleiriad" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 64.9pt; text-align: left;">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Garamond","serif";"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>for one God before everything
else,<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Garamond","serif";"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>also for the Crown, kindly
eagle,<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Garamond","serif";"><span style="mso-tab-count: 2;"> </span>and above for the earl of
Pembroke and his men</span></i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Adobe Garamond Pro","serif";">.</span><br />
</div>
<span lang="EN-GB" style="background: whitesmoke; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;"><o:p><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> </span></o:p></span><br />
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Garamond","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;">Unfortunately Edmund would not be able to demonstrate
more of his abilities in Wales, for he died at Carmarthen on 1 November 1456.
Although suggested is the plague for a possible cause of death, an ample possibility,
although there is no exact proof, is that Edmund’s sudden death so soon after
the events of that summer, which was clearly a great shock and gives inevitable
suspicion of violence or neglect during his imprisonment, is that Edmund suffered
from wounds caused by opposing the force led by agents of the Duke of York.</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="background: whitesmoke; color: #333333; font-family: "Garamond","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="background-color: white;">Attempts to
condemn the Deveraux-Herbert upheavals happened on 15 February 1457 at a Great
Council, which opened at Coventry and closed some time before 14 March.
Unfortunately there are no contemporary accounts of this council that survives
but there is still the preface of 1459's act of attainder of the Duke and his
followers. According to the preamble, the chancellor made divers rehearsals to
the Duke of York which the Duke of Buckingham, on behalf of all the lords
present, stated that the Duke of York could only lean on the King’s grace.
Going on demanding York should be punished, should there be any repeat, but the
preamble does not say of what. The document of the indictments makes no direct
accusations to York which makes it difficult to directly blame him for Edmund’s death, even though Herbert and Devereux had to appear before the
oyer and terminer sitting at Hereford from 2 to 7 April.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>
For Herbert and Devereux the legal process went on for a few months and at the
end it is difficult to see why King Henry responded to these men like he did,
Herbert received a general pardon but Devereux was imprisoned and York received different modest gestures of reconciliations.</span> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Garamond","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;"><o:p></o:p></span> </div>
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<span lang="CY" style="mso-ansi-language: CY;"><o:p><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: x-small;"> </span></o:p></span></div>
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Debra Bayanihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14339316838999923120noreply@blogger.com0